Urocultivo positivo en pacientes con sospecha de infección de vías urinarias en el Hospital de Clínicas, 2020 a 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections, defined as an inflammatory process of invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in the urinary tract, are the most frequent infections after respiratory infections and the second cause of antibiotic prescription. Multiple studies have shown that urine analyzes are requested in the absence of signs or symptoms of UTI, which would lead to overdiagnosis and indiscriminate use of antibiotics. Methodology: It is an observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study that was carried out in patients admitted to a medical clinic room with suspected urinary tract infection in order to determine the prevalence of positive urine cultures, as well as define the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients and cytochemical and microbiological characteristics of the urine. Results: 184 patients were included with a mean age of 61 ± 18 years, 63% were women, in the urine laboratory, 61.4% had bacteriuria, 53.3% were esterase positive, 92.9% with leukocyturia, 48.4% had a positive urine culture. The main germ isolated was Escherichia coli with 39.3% of the urine cultures, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae with 12.4% and ESBL microorganisms with 10.1% Conclusions: A high prevalence of positive urine cultures was found. The microbiological characterization of positive urine cultures has not changed much over time; However, the high prevalence of resistant organisms is worrying. More updated epidemiological studies on urinary infections in our environment are necessary.