Characteristics of teenage pregnancies at Loma Pytá Hospital, Paraguay

Abstract

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a public health issue, especially in socially vulnerable contexts where poverty, limited access to health services, and lack of sex education increase unwanted pregnancies. In Paraguay, this situation is alarming, with teenage pregnancy rates above the regional average. This problem affects the health of young women and their children, who are at greater risk of complications and premature births. In addition, pregnant adolescents often drop out of school and face limited economic opportunities. Objective: Identify the characteristics of teenage pregnancy according to the electronic records of the Loma Pytá Maternal and Child Hospital. Methodology: Observational, descriptive, and retrospective study based on the analysis of electronic records of adolescents treated of the Loma Pytá Maternal and Child between June and December 2024. Results: Pregnant patients were primarily in their late teens (16–19 years; 77%). Although 73.5% attended prenatal checkups, a late start to care was identified: only 14.8% began care in the first trimester, and 23.9% sought care for emergencies, reflecting barriers to continuous access. Clinically, 73.9% had no complications; however, preterm birth (8.7%) and miscarriage (7.8%) were notable. Socially, stable relationships predominated (57.4%), suggesting early relationships that limit reproductive autonomy. Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for educational initiatives, cross-sectoral strategies, and effective public policies—not only to prevent teen pregnancy but also to ensure dignified care and follow-up for those who are already going through this experience.